Monday, December 12, 2022

How to Stay Smart in a Smart World: Why Human Intelligence Still Beats Algorithms

Gerd Gigerenzer
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How to stay in charge in a world populated by algorithms that beat us in chess, find us romantic partners, and tell us to “turn right in 500 yards.”

Doomsday prophets of technology predict that robots will take over the world, leaving humans behind in the dust. Tech industry boosters think replacing people with software might make the world a better place—while tech industry critics warn darkly about surveillance capitalism. Despite their differing views of the future, they all agree: machines will soon do everything better than humans. In How to Stay Smart in a Smart World, Gerd Gigerenzer shows why that’s not true, and tells us how we can stay in charge in a world populated by algorithms.

Machines powered by artificial intelligence are good at some things (playing chess), but not others (life-and-death decisions, or anything involving uncertainty). Gigerenzer explains why algorithms often fail at finding us romantic partners (love is not chess), why self-driving cars fall prey to the Russian Tank Fallacy, and how judges and police rely increasingly on nontransparent “black box” algorithms to predict whether a criminal defendant will reoffend or show up in court. He invokes Black Mirror, considers the privacy paradox (people want privacy, but give their data away), and explains that social media get us hooked by programming intermittent reinforcement in the form of the “like” button. We shouldn’t trust smart technology unconditionally, Gigerenzer tells us, but we shouldn’t fear it unthinkingly, either.

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

你的姓氏從何來? : 100個最有趣的姓氏故事

解讀歷史編輯部
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圖照+分布地圖+精彩解說,
解讀起源、人口分布和演變等歷史
認識藏在姓氏裡的有趣故事

尋根究底,探索家族根源,
你會發現,許多姓氏的始祖竟然大部分是來自古代的位高權重者,
也就是說,你我或許都身為王公貴族、帝王將相的後代

本書從現存近22,000個姓氏中,選取最常見的100個姓氏,提供詳細解釋。每個姓氏按常見程度遞減排序;「漢字演變」從漢字字形分析演變的過程,可掌握姓氏漢字背後含義;「尋根溯祖」概述姓氏的起源及其發展變遷,快速了解每一個姓氏的來歷;「遷徙分布」整理姓氏遷徙的歷程,知曉姓氏的來龍去脈;「名人古跡」精粹講述名人或古跡背後的傳奇故事。同時,書中還收錄名家畫作,列舉歷史上的該姓名人。

(摘錄自博客來網路書店)

Monday, December 5, 2022

"They Say / I Say" : The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing (Fifth Edition)

Gerald Graff, Cathy Birkenstein
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The little book that demystifies academic writing, reading, and research.

Used and loved by millions of students for its lively and practical advice, this is the book that demystifies academic writing and shows how to engage with the views of others. Extensively revised in response to feedback from our community of adopters, this edition of “They Say / I Say” is an even more practical companion for students, featuring a new chapter on research, new exercises, expanded support for reading, and an expanded chapter on Revising.

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

疫後震盪效應 : 防疫政治學與世界秩序的崩潰 (Aftershocks: Pandemic Politics and the End of the Old International Order)

科林‧凱爾 (Colin Kahl), 湯姆斯‧萊特 (Thomas Wright)
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「疫情不可免,但流行病是可選。」
一場疫病大流行兩年過去了,對社會的震撼效應依然餘波盪漾
疫後世界該何去何從,它打破的舊世界秩序又該如何修復?


唯一從多方面回顧過去700多個日子防疫作戰失敗與成功的故事。這是一場全人類的浩劫!我們不能忘記,單一疫病全球超過5億確診(數字還在新增當中),突破620萬死亡的大流行,留給我們是哪些教訓!全世界從一開始的無關痛癢、事不關己,到最後的驚嚇,乃至於惶恐,彷彿末日電影般的場景發生在我們的周遭。COVID-19在毫無預警的情形下,成了你我這一世代人類不想要的共同記憶。封城、隔離、口罩、疫苗、足跡已經成了我們的日常,消毒、量體溫、篩檢變成了習慣。疫情發生之前的生活,彷彿是另存在別個世代的記憶。何時才能夠恢復COVID-19發生前的日子?我們還回得去嗎?......

COVID-19將我們所認知的世界秩序給打亂了。它不僅僅破壞了衛生健康這種事,最重要的,維繫人類即有秩序的社會、經濟、內政,甚至是地緣政治的布局都遭受到破壞。大國利用醫療物資作為外交手段,逼迫小國就範,甚至趁人之危,大搞大外宣,全球一致對抗單一危機的倡議,最後淪為口號。各國為了自保,紛紛關閉邊境,禁止航班入境。短短幾個月時間,二十多年來在消除極端貧困方面取得的成績完全付諸流水。多年努力建立的全球化、地球村,一夕之間全都灰飛煙滅。原本已經脆弱的國家更是進一步遭到掏空。美中醞釀中的衝突白熱化,民主國家與威權主義在全球的角力愈演愈烈。這是一場真正的全球危機。

一場COVID-19讓人類現出了最醜陋的那一面。國際合作幾乎完全崩解,世界主要領袖話不投機,幾乎根本沒有溝通。各國在機場搶物資、停止醫療物資的出口或強制對方要出口的畫面還歷歷在目。危難之際,人類展現的是叢林原則,弱肉強食的生存法則。疫苗競賽成了各國要主宰他人或保護自己的靈丹妙藥,該是先保命還是要兼顧權勢呢?作者的結論,需要集體應對,唯有團結一致,人類才可能滅絕病毒或減低災害。

在下一次全球疫病大流行到來之前——作者預警一定會再來——人類會有補考的機會嗎?是時候檢視這兩年的錯誤,檢討我們的缺失,參考成功的案例,盤點將來我們要如何應對。面對下一次的攻擊,我們必須做好準備!

(摘錄自博客來網路書店)

Monday, November 28, 2022

What Color Is Your Parachute? 2022: Your Guide to a Lifetime of Meaningful Work and Career Success

Richard N. Bolles
online access from ProQuest Ebook Central Perpetual Titles
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With timeless advice, up-to-the-minute insights, and more than ten million copies sold over fifty years, the world’s most popular and best-selling career guide is fully revised and expanded for 2022.

“One of the first job-hunting books on the market. It is still arguably the best. And it is indisputably the most popular.”—Fast Company

What Color Is Your Parachute? is the world’s most popular job-hunting guide. This completely updated edition features the latest resources, strategies, and perspectives on today’s job market, revealing surprising advice on what works—and what doesn’t—so you can focus your efforts on tactics that yield results.

At its core is Richard N. Bolles’s famed Flower Exercise, a unique self-inventory that helps you design your career—and your life—around your key passions, transferable skills, traits, and more.

This practical manual also provides essential tips for writing impressive resumes and cover letters, networking effectively, interviewing with confidence, and negotiating the best salary possible.

Whether you’re searching for your first job, were recently laid off, or are dreaming of a career change, What Color Is Your Parachute? will guide you toward a fulfilling and prosperous life’s work.

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

教授為什麼沒告訴我(2020進化版)

畢恆達
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『這本有條理又接地氣的研究指引,是研究者在浩瀚知識大海中的救命浮木。反覆思考該書的貼心提醒,眼前的阻礙就會退縮消逝,崎嶇小徑逐漸平整為大道。』成令方 (高雄醫學大學性別研究所教授)

『做研究、寫論文是件痛且快樂著的事,這本書可以讓研究生的痛少一些,指導教授的快樂多一點,並讓師生共舞時舞姿更曼妙且饒富研究的興味。』林雯瑤 (淡江大學資訊與圖書館學系副教授)

《教授為什麼沒告訴我》於2010年修訂,增加訪談、無性別歧視、理論圖形等章節。十年之後這本《教授為什麼沒告訴我:2020進化版》,又增補了白話知識論、研究策略與方法、研究倫理等單元。不論是新進或資深的研究者,甚至是不在學院中的社會人士,都能從這本書得到一些對於生活與研究的靈感與啟發。

(摘錄自博客來網路書店)