Research Methods in Psychology: Evaluating a World of Information

Beth Morling
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Research Methods in Psychology, a text loved by instructors and students, provides the best learning experience for both future consumers and producers as they evaluate all facets of research. Award-winning author Beth Morling has thoroughly updated her groundbreaking text with fresh examples, revised ethics and statistics coverage, and a new section on qualitative methods. The new Fifth Edition is designed to support students as they practice being research consumers, learn how to produce research, and actively engage with their reading.

Highlights of this Edition’s new content:

- Supports the success of all students through active learning and assessment
- More inclusive content includes: coverage in Chapter 1 that addresses the historical lack of diversity in psychological research and the advantages of having a more diverse range of participants, new examples by BIPOC researchers―including the Okonofua et al. studies covered extensively in Ch 12, and a new section on diversity in psychological samples and in psychological scientists in Chapter 14
- Entirely revised coverage of animal research in Chapter 4
- New sections introducing qualitative methods and its role in psychological research in Chapters 1 and 6
- New revision of the statistics coverage in Chapter S2, including both the new statistics (confidence intervals and effect size) and the NHST
- New coverage of generative AI in Chapter S3, including how to use it effectively and ethically, as well as citation guidelines

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

平均數的誤解：正確的計算，卻帶來錯誤決策！商業人士如何解讀數據 (The Average is Always Wrong)

伊恩．雪帕德 (Ian Shepherd)
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◎公司對媒體宣稱，年終平均6個月，基層員工群起反彈：哪有這麼多？
◎客戶滿意度達84％──聽起來很棒，但抽樣可能一開始就沒找上給差評的人。
◎優衣庫最在乎的數字不是熱賣品，而是哪些衣服試穿後又被放回──用意是？

◎商業人士該如何解讀數據？

企業經常參考「客戶平均光臨次數」、「平均消費金額」，
但如果樣本中有極端值，計算出來的平均數反而會誤導你。

例如：「某商品的平均庫存期為3週」，看起來很合理，
但其中或許有分店高達20週，如果只看平均數，便難以發現問題。
所以你必須參考中位數和標準差。

‧分店業績大幅提升，是因為行銷策略奏效了？
評估成效不應單看店鋪銷售額成長，而是利用對照組，
把採取行銷策略與未採取的門市拿出來比較，才能判斷。

◎什麼樣的數據才有參考價值？

客戶滿意度達84％──聽起來很棒，真的嗎？
除了請客戶直接評分（但他可能出於禮貌而填高分），
也可以調查淨推薦值：客戶是否會向朋友推薦（這個比較準確）。
還可以問一個具體的問題：「你今天找到想買的東西了嗎？」

‧你可以不懂演算法，但要利用它：
優衣庫（UNIQLO）的每件商品都有「RFID電子標籤」，
一籃商品放上自助結帳機，就能自動感應客戶買什麼。
還能用來追蹤，有多少比例的衣服被拿進試衣間試穿後，又被消費者放回架上。
這才是商品開發人員最該參考的指標。（都試穿了為何不買？）

商業人士該如何解讀數據？什麼時候不該只看平均數？
對簡單的表面數據稍加挖掘，才不會被各種「均值」誤導。

(摘錄自博客來網路書店)

Everybody Loves Our Dollars - How Money Laundering Won

Oliver Bullough
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From the bestselling author of MONEYLAND and BUTLER TO THE WORLD, a revelatory new anatomy of global money laundering, the crime that makes crime pay

Without money laundering, few crimes of acquisition would be worth the trouble. South America's drug cartels would be stuffed without it, as would Nigerian kleptocrats, Afghan terrorists, American tax evaders and a whole bestiary of human (and animal) traffickers the world over.

And yet, estimates of the dirty portion of world GDP have held steady at 2%-5% for decades. All efforts at legislation, diplomacy, prosecution and compliance have been a complete flop. It's not a lack of will to stamp it out. It's a lack of insight. So join bestselling investigative journalist Oliver Bullough on a perspective-altering adventure through the flipside of the global economy.

In the criminal world, cash is still king (in fact, crime might now be the main thing cash is good for, and even why it still exists). Barter is pretty good too: vast, continent-wide exchanges of everything from luxury handbags to baby eels support a triangular drug trade linking Europe to the Far East. Cryptocurrencies flow through paper ledgers that would make a Florentine merchant feel at home.

And the system works. Whether you're a fraudster, a cartel boss, a corrupt politician, a kleptocrat or a terrorist mastermind, your options to move and hide your money are more secure and more impenetrable than they have ever been. There has never been a better time to be a criminal. It's time that changed.

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

策略思考：一種稀有又精湛的心智工作原則 (How to Think Strategically)

葛雷格．吉森斯 (Greg Githens)
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《策略思考》無疑是我讀過最受用的書之一。葛雷格帶領讀者一步步瞭解策略思考的大小技能，引導讀者精進思考，遠離乏味與空泛的思考。──The Adept Group 總裁暨執行長保羅．歐康納（Paul O’Conner）

一個永不褪色的心智工作技藝，
一個從歷史到現代社會中，區分「平庸」或「優秀」領導工作者的重要能力標準……
好的策略思考，取決於反直覺的智力運用方法───

你一定聽過「要有策略」，卻很可能長期誤解如何思考策略，
你一定想達成很多目標，卻很可能敗在執行或規畫的冗餘。

你一定知道「策略思考」，或者「某種想法必須要更有策略性」，但究竟什麼是策略思考，思考和一般性的思考有何不同，它如何練習乃至達成更佳的成效？

若想發展這種敏捷的心智、帶來策略性的影響，這本書就是最理想的入門書。它將幫助讀者瞭解「策略」的意涵，以及如何打造有效、有力且聰明的策略。

能幹的策略思考者能容忍模糊性、察覺微弱信號、定義組織所面對的核心挑戰，並設計出具備致勝策略邏輯的有效對策。本書將提供許多策略性思考者的實例，並描述如何建構出致勝的策略邏輯。透過這些例子，讀者將獲得能應用在任何組織以及個人生活的精微技巧。

摘錄自博客來網路書店)

Hong Kong Foodways

Sidney C. H. Cheung
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An in-depth anthropological study of the eating habits and culinary practices throughout Hong Kong’s rapidly shifting cultural spheres.

As cornerstones of cultural identity formation, food cultures and regional cuisine distinctly reflects the complex geopolitical forces that shaped Hong Kong. As the region’s history is woven through national power struggles and colonial rulership, the foodways of Hong Kong often reflect the real-time dialogue between shifting populations, cultural forces, and volatile economies. Hong Kong Foodways examines the social relations, cultural currents, and economies of food production that shape the region’s food culture through different periods of social and political development. This book advances anthropological inquiries into the fastest-changing society in East Asia by addressing issues concerning identity, migration, consumerism, globalization, and the invention of local cuisines.

(Excerpt from amazon.com)

強大心理韌性的逆商思維：比智商重要，比情商關鍵，AI時代引爆內在潛能的核心能力 (Adversity Quotient)

保羅．史托茲 (Paul G. Stoltz)
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★ AQ逆商理論奠基之作 ★
★ 《財星》500大企業、各國政府組織、頂尖奧運選手實證的高抗挫心法 ★
★ 結合認知心理學、心理神經免疫學和神經生理學的強大韌性思維鍛鍊 ★

儘管聰明才智和能力相當，有些人卓越頂尖，有些人則平庸度過一生。
「逆商」就是最好的答案。

‧為什麼許多有天賦、高智商的人，卻遲遲未能發揮潛力？
‧為什麼有些企業家敢孤注一擲，其他企業家卻選擇放棄？
‧為什麼有些組織或機構在競爭中勝出，其他組織或機構則遭逢潰敗？

　◤逆商，全方位的成功預測指標◢

那些脫穎而出、與眾不同的各界翹楚，與容易卻步、半途而廢，甚至一開始就放棄的凡夫俗子，究竟差在哪裡……在這瞬息萬變的AI時代，生活快速變化使得許多人幾乎喘不過氣，結果就是整個社會彌漫絕望的無助感。

史托茲博士根據19年研究與10年應用的成果，認為如果我們能夠衡量和強化對於逆境的反應，不僅可提升生產力和績效表現，甚至有助身心健康，進而使人生充滿意義。

影響逆商的五個面向：

˙控制Control
你覺得自己對於現在遇到的逆境有多少控制力？
˙來源Origin
你覺得現在遇到的逆境，是源自什麼人或什麼事？
˙歸屬Ownership
你覺得現在遇到的逆境，你在多大程度上需要承擔？
˙波及範圍Reach
你覺得現在遇到的逆境，對生活的影響會達到什麼程度？
˙持久性Endurance
你覺得現在遇到的逆境會持續多久，以及造成逆境的原因會持續多久？

史托茲博士的逆商提升訓練方法不僅適用於個人生活，也廣泛應用於工作職場、校園、政府部門，以及奧運賽場。

書中更提供一套逆境反應量表，無論你是學生、職場上班族還是組織領導者，都能從中獲取如何化困局為轉機，讓自己不斷精進的必要能力。

(摘錄自博客來網路書店)